Blue Brain Project Simulates 30,000 Neurons of Rat Brain

October 9th, 2015 | Brain

FIGURE 13_Spontaneous activity v3

The European Blue Brain Project to simulate the rat brain has finally bore its first fruit. Researchers spent over 20 years of biological experimentation and 10 years of computational science work to get to this point.
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The project has been hotly contested across the science world.
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Last year, more than one hundred neuroscientists threatened to boycott the project unless significant changes were made. More than 1 billion euro was funneled into the project by the European Commission, and many scientists wondered if anything useful would be created.

But alas, the first findings were published October 8 in the journal Cell, in an article entitled, “Reconstruction and Simulation of Neocortical Microcircuitry.”

“[We] find a spectrum of network states with a sharp transition from synchronous to asynchronous activity, modulated by physiological mechanisms,” wrote the authors. “The spectrum of network states, dynamically reconfigured around this transition, supports diverse information processing strategies.”

This first simulation is meant to represent a “scaffold” on which many more layers of complexity can be added. I think it’s a good first step and hopefully this work can lead to a deeper understanding of the human brain.
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-RSB

Project Apollo Archive

October 5th, 2015 | Space

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 9

Kipp Teague is a Virginia-based space enthusiast who has been collecting and cataloging NASA content since 1999. The Project Apollo Archive is the result of the almost 2 decade effort which serves as “an online reference source and repository of digital images pertaining to the historic manned lunar landing program.”

It’s a large collection, but I’ll feature some of my favorites from each Apollo Mission here, starting with…

Apollo 7

(Color) Earth Orbit; NASA photographs; unprocessed 1800 dpi Hasselblad film scans by Johnson Space Center, circa 2005

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 7
Apollo 7 Hasselblad image from film magazine 3/M – Earth Orbit

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 7 photo
Apollo 7 Hasselblad image from film magazine 4/N – Earth Orbit


Apollo 8

(B&W) Lunar Orbit, Trans-Earth Coast; NASA photographs; unprocessed 1800 dpi Hasselblad film scans by Johnson Space Center, circa 2005

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 8

Apollo 8 Hasselblad image from film magazine 13/E – Lunar Orbit, Trans-Earth Coast

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 8 - 2

Apollo 8 Hasselblad image from film magazine 13/E – Lunar Orbit, Trans-Earth Coast


Apollo 9

(Color) Earth Orbit, EVA; NASA photographs; unprocessed 1800 dpi Hasselblad film scans by Johnson Space Center, circa 2005

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 9 - 2

Apollo 9 Hasselblad image from film magazine 19/A – Earth Orbit; EVA

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 9 - 3

Apollo 9 Hasselblad image from film magazine 20/E – Earth orbit, EVA

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 9 - 4

Apollo 9 Hasselblad image from film magazine 21/B – Earth orbit, LM test flight


Apollo 10

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 10

Apollo 10 Hasselblad image from film magazine 35/U – Lunar Orbit, Trans-Earth Coast


 

Apollo 11

(Color) Trans-Lunar Coast; NASA photographs; unprocessed 1800 dpi Hasselblad film scans by Johnson Space Center, circa 2005

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 11

Apollo 11 Hasselblad image from film magazine 36/N – Trans-Lunar


Apollo 12

(Color) EVA-1; NASA photographs; unprocessed 1800 dpi Hasselblad film scans by Johnson Space Center, circa 2005

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 12

Apollo 12 Hasselblad image from film magazine 46/Y – EVA-1

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 12 - 2

Apollo 12 Hasselblad image from film magazine 47/V – EVA-1

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 12 - 3

Apollo 12 Hasselblad image from film magazine 49/Z – EVA-2


Apollo 13

(B&W) Lunar Module undocking prior to re-entry; NASA photographs; unprocessed 1800 dpi Hasselblad film scans by Johnson Space Center, circa 2005

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 13

Apollo 13 Hasselblad image from film magazine 59/R – Transfer from LM to CM; LM undocking prior to reentry


Apollo 14

(B&W) Post-Landing; NASA photographs; unprocessed 1800 dpi Hasselblad film scans by Johnson Space Center, circa 2005

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 14

(B&W) Post-Landing; NASA photographs; unprocessed 1800 dpi Hasselblad film scans by Johnson Space Center, circa 2005

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 14 - 2

(Processed) Apollo 14 Hasselblad image from film magazine 72/L – LM extraction, Lunar orbit


Apollo 15

(B&W) EVA-2; NASA photographs; unprocessed 1800 dpi Hasselblad film scans by Johnson Space Center, circa 2005

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 15

Apollo 15 Hasselblad image from film magazine 90/PP – EVA-2


Apollo 16

(B&W) EVA-3; NASA photographs; unprocessed 1800 dpi Hasselblad film scans by Johnson Space Center, circa 2005

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 16

Apollo 16 Hasselblad image from film magazine 106/K – EVA-3


Apollo 17

(Color) EVA-1 & 3; NASA photographs; unprocessed 1800 dpi Hasselblad film scans by Johnson Space Center, circa 2005

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 17 - 1

Apollo 17 Hasselblad image from film magazine 134/B – EVA-1 & 3

Project Apollo Archive - Apollo 17 - 2

Apollo 17 Hasselblad image from film magazine 134/B – EVA-1 & 3


Anyway, there are many more that you can find on the Project Apollo Archive here.

Have fun!

-RSB

Bioluminescent Hawksbill Sea Turtle

September 29th, 2015 | Brain

Bioluminscent Turtle 2

Marine biologist David Gruber, of City University of New York, recently underwent a mission to film biofluorescence in small sharks and coral reefs near the Solomon Islands. The team was keeping an eye out for crocodiles in the area when surprisingly, a glowing “spaceship” hovered by them in the dark waters.
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It was the first time that a bioluminescent turtle had ever been caught on film.
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We’ve featured biofluorescence on the site before in Japan and in the Maldives. Animals are known to use it for hunting, mating, but it’s still unclear why turtles would benefit in this case.

After this film was shot, Gruber visited with the local villages and found some captured turtles that all glowed as well.
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Further research will be surely be conducted to determine how these turtles acquired this amazing ability.

-RSB

To Scale: The Solar System

September 17th, 2015 | Space

To Scale the solar system Nevada

Wylie Overstreet and Alex Gorosh made this impressive scale model of the solar system out in a dry lakebed in Nevada. Trying to make sense of our place in the solar system is extremely difficult. Most of us don’t travel beyond a few miles from our homes with much regularity, so I really appreciate films like this and “Riding Light” (featured here), which give us a much greater appreciation for the staggering immensity of our Universe.

Some people may feel insignificant, but it makes me feel hopeful. There is so much to explore even in our small corner of the galaxy.

-RSB

Mirrors of the James Webb Space Telescope

September 10th, 2015 | Space

James Webb Telescope

In the image above, NASA engineer Ernie Wright observes the primary mirrors of the James Webb Space Telescope, which is scheduled for launch in late 2018. NASA hopes that the new telescope will be able to observe the formation of the first galaxies in the Universe, along with the first stars to ever be created.
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James Webb Telescope 2

James Webb Telescope 3 James Webb Telescope 4

The process to make such intricate mirrors is fascinating in its own right.
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The NASA video below demonstrates a bit of the process to treat the gold-coated beryllium.
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-RSB

Computing Cancer

August 26th, 2015 | Brain

Computing Cancer 2

Scientists have recently created a comprehensive computer model of a cancerous tumor in three dimensions. The interdisciplinary research team was constructed of collaborating scientists from Johns Hopkins, Harvard University, and the University of Edinburgh.
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The new method will allow laboratories to gain a better understanding of cancer growth dynamics and the response to therapies.

Cancer is genetically heterogeneous and thus, the response to treatment is not always uniform. Some cells of the tumor may respond to one of the chemotherapy drugs, while other cells remain resistant.
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This new modeling tool (and its future iterations) can help us understand how genetic heterogeneity arises and potentially lead to improved treatment protocols.
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-RSB

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